配偶者ビザでは夫婦の同居が原則ですが、 DV（家庭内暴力）や安全確保のための別居は例外的に認められることがあります。 入管は「安全の確保」が最優先であることを理解しており、事情に応じて柔軟に判断します。

1. DVによる別居は「婚姻破綻」とは即判断されない

入管は原則として「別居＝婚姻の実態なし」と判断しますが、 DVが理由の場合は保護のために別居せざるを得ない状況として特別に扱われます。

2. 入管が特に確認するポイント

DV案件で入管が重視するのは次の点です。

3. 提出が望ましい資料（重要度順）

① 市区町村の「配偶者暴力相談支援センター」相談記録

最も強い証拠。相談歴があれば大きく有利です。

② 警察への相談記録

相談受理番号などがあれば信頼性が高まります。

③ 病院の診断書（必要に応じて）

④ 弁護士・シェルター等の支援記録

⑤ 事情説明書（本人作成の理由書）

⑥ 生活状況資料（収入・住居など）

※全て揃っていなくても、重要度の高いものがあれば許可の可能性は十分あります。

4. 実際の審査で想定される質問（例）

5. 離婚を考えている場合の注意点

DV被害者の保護の観点から、 入管は状況によっては別の在留資格（例：定住者）への変更を認める運用があります。

※実際の在留資格の選択・手続きは個別事情により大きく異なるため、 必ず専門家や支援機関に相談してください。

6. 結論：DV・別居案件は「証拠」と「安全確保」が最優先

DVで別居している場合、通常の別居とは扱いが全く異なります。 重要なのは次の3点です：

For spouse visas in Japan, living together as a married couple is normally required. However, when separation occurs because of domestic violence (DV) and the need for safety, immigration treats such cases as an exception and may allow the spouse to保持 their status. The priority is always the safety and protection of the victim.

1. Separation Due to DV Is Not Automatically Treated as Marital Breakdown

In ordinary cases, immigration may see “separation” as meaning the marriage has effectively broken down and that there is no real marital生活. However, in DV cases, separation is often unavoidable for safety reasons, and immigration can treat it differently.

2. Key Points Immigration Checks in DV–Related Cases

In DV situations, immigration especially focuses on the following:

3. Recommended Evidence to Submit (Rough Priority Order)

1) Records from Municipal DV Consultation Centers

Consultation records from a Spousal Violence Counseling and Support Center are often the strongest proof. If you have already consulted there, that is very helpful.

2) Police Consultation Records

If you have consulted the police, a record or reference number of the consultation can greatly increase the credibility of your case.

3) Medical Reports or Certificates

Where there were physical injuries, medical certificates can show the seriousness and reality of the violence.

4) Records from Lawyers, Shelters, or Support Organizations

Letters or documents from lawyers, shelters, or support NGOs also help show that you are receiving protection and support as a DV victim.

5) Personal Explanation Letter

A written explanation from the applicant describing the situation (when the DV started, how often it occurred, when separation happened, current safety situation, etc.) is also very important.

6) Documents on生活 Situation (Income, Housing, etc.)

Information about your current住まい and income (for example, payslips, bank balance, rent contract) helps immigration understand that you can保持生活 independently.

You do not need to have all of these documents. Even a few strong pieces of evidence can be enough, depending on the case.

4. Typical Questions in Screening (Examples)

5. If You Are Considering Divorce

From the perspective of protecting DV victims, immigration may, in some cases, allow a change to another residence status (for example, a type of Long-Term Resident status) even after separation or divorce. This depends on the具体的 circumstances, including length of stay, family situation, and level of support needed.

The choice of status and the exact procedure can be very different from case to case. It is strongly recommended to consult a professional or a DV support organization before making decisions.

6. Conclusion: Evidence and Safety Come First in DV–Related Cases

When separation is caused by DV, it is very different from an ordinary separation. For immigration, the most important points are:

Above all, your safety and health are more important than any visa. Please consider contacting local support centers, NGOs, or lawyers if you are in danger.